蝶閥執(zhí)行器類型介紹（中英文）
蝶閥執(zhí)行器決定使用哪個(gè)電源來操作閥門。這會(huì)影響閥門的響應(yīng)時(shí)間、驅(qū)動(dòng)壓力額定值、環(huán)境適應(yīng)性等。有時(shí)，選擇合適的執(zhí)行器取決于應(yīng)用可用的電源。本文仔細(xì)研究了各種執(zhí)行器類型，以便用戶可以靈活選擇哪種類型。閱讀有關(guān)執(zhí)行器類型的文章，了解不同執(zhí)行器類型如何與工業(yè)閥門配合使用。
A butterfly valve actuator determines which power source is used to operate the valve. This impacts the valve's response time, actuation pressure rating, environmental suitability, and more. Sometimes selecting the proper actuator depends on the power source(s) available for the application. This article closely examines the various actuator types for users who have some flexibility in which type to get. Read our article on actuator types to learn how different actuator types work with industrial valves.
目錄
Table of contents
什么是蝶閥？
What is a butterfly valve?
選擇蝶閥執(zhí)行器
Selecting a butterfly valve actuator
蝶閥執(zhí)行器類型
Butterfly valve actuator types
工業(yè)閥門執(zhí)行器標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
Standards for industrial valve actuators
執(zhí)行器特定應(yīng)用
Actuator specific applications
蝶閥符號
Butterfly valve symbols
常見問題解答
FAQs
什么是蝶閥？
What is a butterfly valve?
蝶閥是調(diào)節(jié)流經(jīng)一段管道的流體的控制閥。該閥門在操作中類似于球閥，具有快速關(guān)閉功能。蝶閥有一個(gè)安裝在旋轉(zhuǎn)桿上的閥瓣。當(dāng)閥門完全關(guān)閉時(shí)，閥瓣阻止流體流動(dòng)。相反，當(dāng)閥門完全打開時(shí)，閥瓣旋轉(zhuǎn)四分之一圈，以允許幾乎不受限制的流體流動(dòng)。閥瓣位于完全關(guān)閉和完全打開之間的位置可實(shí)現(xiàn)比例流量特性。蝶閥因其簡單、可靠和相對較低的成本而被廣泛使用。
A butterfly valve is a control valve that regulates fluid flowing through a section of pipe. This valve is similar to a ball valve in operation, with a quick shut-off feature. A butterfly valve has a disc mounted to a rotating stem. When the valve is fully closed, the disc blocks the fluid flow. Conversely, when the valve is fully open, the disc is rotated a quarter turn to allow a nearly unrestricted fluid flow. The disc's position between fully closed and fully open allows for proportional flow characteristics. Butterfly valves are used for their simplicity, reliability, and relatively low cost.
選擇蝶閥執(zhí)行器
Selecting a butterfly valve actuator
為蝶閥選擇正確的執(zhí)行器類型取決于特定的系統(tǒng)組件和要求。蝶閥可以手動(dòng)、電動(dòng)、氣動(dòng)或液壓驅(qū)動(dòng)。
Selecting the correct type of actuator for a butterfly valve depends on specific system components and requirements. A butterfly valve can be actuated manually, electrically, pneumatically, or hydraulically.
? 使用頻率：手動(dòng)蝶閥適用于比較小型、不經(jīng)常啟閉的蝶閥。對于較大尺寸的閥門將配備變速箱，以便用戶可以手動(dòng)啟動(dòng)。
? 成本：盡管根據(jù)閥門的型號和結(jié)構(gòu)材料存在很大差異，但蝶閥按以下方式從最便宜到最昂貴
? 排序：手動(dòng)、電動(dòng)、氣動(dòng)和液壓。氣動(dòng)和液壓執(zhí)行器需要壓縮空氣或液壓系統(tǒng)，從而增加了初始成本。
? 閥門尺寸：大型蝶閥可能需要液壓執(zhí)行器才能產(chǎn)生足夠的力來打開或關(guān)閉閥門。
? 系統(tǒng)壓力：對于系統(tǒng)壓力非常高的應(yīng)用，可能需要液壓驅(qū)動(dòng)蝶閥。
? 響應(yīng)時(shí)間：氣動(dòng)蝶閥對于需要的應(yīng)用具有非?？斓捻憫?yīng)時(shí)間。
? 電源：手動(dòng)蝶閥是唯一不需要外部電源的類型，使其成為安裝和使用最簡單的類型。
? 環(huán)境：電動(dòng)蝶閥不適合潮濕或爆炸性環(huán)境。
? Frequency of use: Manually operated butterfly valves are suitable for relatively small butterfly valves that open and close infrequently. For larger sizes, the valves will come equipped with a gearbox so a user can actuate it manually.
? Cost: Although there is significant variability depending on the valve's model and construction material, butterfly valves order from least expensive to most expensive in the following way: manual, electric, pneumatic, and hydraulic. Pneumatic and hydraulic actuators require compressed air or a hydraulic system, increasing their initial costs.
? Valve size: A hydraulic actuator may be necessary for huge butterfly valves to produce enough force to open or close the valve.
? System pressure: Hydraulically actuated butterfly valves may be necessary for applications with very high system pressure.
? Response time: Pneumatically actuated butterfly valves have a very fast response time for applications that require it.
? Power source: Manual butterfly valves are the only type not requiring an external power source, making them the most straightforward type to install and use.
? Environment: Electrically actuated butterfly valves are unsuitable for moist or explosive environments.
蝶閥執(zhí)行器類型
Butterfly valve actuator types
驅(qū)動(dòng)蝶閥有四種主要方法：手動(dòng)、電動(dòng)、液壓和氣動(dòng)。對于電動(dòng)、液壓和氣動(dòng)蝶閥，如果需要，通常還可以選擇手動(dòng)驅(qū)動(dòng)方式供蝶閥使用。
There are four primary methods for actuating a butterfly valve: manually, electrically, hydraulically, and pneumatically. For electric, hydraulic, and pneumatic butterfly valves, there is often an option to also have a manual method of actuation for the butterfly valve to use if needed.
手動(dòng)蝶閥
Manual butterfly valve
手動(dòng)驅(qū)動(dòng)是簡單的驅(qū)動(dòng)蝶閥方法?；镜脑O(shè)計(jì)使用杠桿來轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)閥桿，從而旋轉(zhuǎn)閥盤來打開或關(guān)閉閥門。較大的蝶閥可以有一個(gè)連接到變速箱的手輪。這是產(chǎn)生足夠的力來手動(dòng)打開或關(guān)閉閥門的較簡單方法。手動(dòng)驅(qū)動(dòng)的主要好處是不需要外部電源。然而，由于用戶需要打開或關(guān)閉閥門，因此這種致動(dòng)方式對于需要頻繁致動(dòng)蝶閥的應(yīng)用來說并不理想。
Manual actuation is the simplest way to actuate a butterfly valve. The most basic design uses a lever to turn the valve stem, which rotates the valve's disc to open or close the valve. Larger butterfly valves can have a handwheel that connects to a gearbox. This is the easiest way to generate enough force to manually open or close the valve. The primary benefit of manual actuation is that an external power source is not required. However, since a user needs to open or close the valve, this actuation style is not ideal for applications requiring frequent butterfly valve actuation.
電動(dòng)蝶閥
Electric butterfly valve
電動(dòng)執(zhí)行器將電能轉(zhuǎn)換成機(jī)械扭矩。該扭矩旋轉(zhuǎn)閥桿以打開或關(guān)閉閥門。電動(dòng)蝶閥用途廣泛，因?yàn)樗鼈兛梢跃幊桃皂憫?yīng)特定信號并且可以遠(yuǎn)程控制。電動(dòng)執(zhí)行器相對節(jié)能且易于維護(hù)。然而，它們不適合高濕度或爆炸性環(huán)境。
An electric actuator converts electrical energy into mechanical torque. This torque rotates the valve's stem to open or close the valve. Electrically actuated butterfly valves are versatile because they can be programmed to respond to specific signals and can be controlled remotely. Electric actuators are relatively energy efficient and simple to maintain. However, they are not suitable for high-moisture or explosive environments.
液壓蝶閥
Hydraulic butterfly valve
蝶閥液壓執(zhí)行器利用流體壓力產(chǎn)生機(jī)械力。液壓泵對流體（通常是油）加壓，從而移動(dòng)氣缸內(nèi)的活塞?；钊\(yùn)動(dòng)傳遞到閥桿，打開或關(guān)閉閥門。液壓執(zhí)行器可以產(chǎn)生大量的力并操作大型閥門或高壓應(yīng)用中的閥門。然而，必要的液壓動(dòng)力單元和儲(chǔ)液器增加了系統(tǒng)的復(fù)雜性和成本。
Butterfly valve hydraulic actuators use fluid pressure to create mechanical force. The hydraulic pump pressurizes the fluid, typically oil, which moves a piston inside the cylinder. The piston movement transfers to the valve's stem, opening or closing the valve. Hydraulic actuators can generate a large amount of force and operate large valves or valves in high-pressure applications. However, the necessary hydraulic power unit and fluid reservoir increases the system's complexity and cost.
氣動(dòng)蝶閥
Pneumatic butterfly valve
氣動(dòng)執(zhí)行器利用氣壓產(chǎn)生機(jī)械運(yùn)動(dòng)。執(zhí)行器中的壓縮空氣移動(dòng)活塞或隔膜，從而旋轉(zhuǎn)閥桿。帶氣動(dòng)執(zhí)行器的蝶閥動(dòng)作快速、可靠。它們可以在危險(xiǎn)環(huán)境中使用，因?yàn)樗鼈儾粫?huì)產(chǎn)生火花。然而，需要壓縮空氣源，并且驅(qū)動(dòng)速度比電動(dòng)或液壓執(zhí)行器更難控制。
Pneumatic actuators create mechanical motion using air pressure. Pressurized air in the actuator moves a piston or diaphragm, which rotates the valve stem. Butterfly valves with pneumatic actuators are fast-acting, reliable. They can be used in hazardous environments because they do not create sparks. There is a need for a compressed air source, though, and the actuation speed is more difficult to control than that of electric or hydraulic actuators.
工業(yè)閥門執(zhí)行器標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
Standards for industrial valve actuators
在為蝶閥選擇執(zhí)行器時(shí)，必須確保執(zhí)行器符合國際社會(huì)制定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。不符合這些標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的閥門執(zhí)行器存在過早損壞的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，這可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致系統(tǒng)損壞并危及人員安全。工業(yè)閥門執(zhí)行器的一些常見標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是：
When selecting an actuator for a butterfly valve, it's essential to ensure that the actuator meets standards set by the international community. Valve actuators that fail to meet these standards are at risk of premature breakage, which can cause damage to a system and endanger personnel. Some common standards for industrial valve actuators are:
? ISO 22153：ISO 22153 提供了工業(yè)閥門電動(dòng)閥門執(zhí)行器的基本要求。
? ISO 5211：ISO 5211 規(guī)定了部分回轉(zhuǎn)閥門上使用的任何類型執(zhí)行器的要求，部分回轉(zhuǎn)閥門定義為閥桿旋轉(zhuǎn)小于 360° 才能完全打開或關(guān)閉的閥門。該標(biāo)準(zhǔn)包括帶或不帶齒輪箱的執(zhí)行器。
? BS EN 15714：該標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定了用于部分閥門的任何氣動(dòng)執(zhí)行器的要求。
? ISO 22153: ISO 22153 provides basic requirements for electric valve actuators for industrial valves.
? ISO 5211: ISO 5211 provides the requirements for any type of actuator used on a part-turn valve, defined as a valve with a stem that rotates less than 360° for the valve to open or close fully. This standard includes actuators with or without a gearbox.
? BS EN 15714: This standard provides requirements for any pneumatic actuator for a part-tun valve.
執(zhí)行器特定應(yīng)用
Actuator specific applications
以下示例是通常適合一種蝶閥驅(qū)動(dòng)方法的應(yīng)用。使用示例來幫助確定不同應(yīng)用可能需要哪種類型的執(zhí)行器。
The following examples are applications typically suitable to one type of butterfly valve actuation method. Use the examples to help determine which type of actuator a different application may require.
? 手動(dòng)蝶閥：手動(dòng)蝶閥適用于小型水處理廠。該閥門控制流經(jīng)不同處理過程階段的水流量。操作人員可以根據(jù)處理需要手動(dòng)操作調(diào)節(jié)閥門并控制水流量。理想情況下，該閥門不會(huì)頻繁調(diào)節(jié)。
? 電動(dòng)蝶閥：電動(dòng)蝶閥在商業(yè)建筑的大型暖通空調(diào)系統(tǒng)中工作得非常好。 HVAC 系統(tǒng)通常需要精確的氣流控制以維持最佳的室內(nèi)環(huán)境。建筑管理系統(tǒng)通常操作電動(dòng)蝶閥來提供這種控制。系統(tǒng)根據(jù)溫度和空氣質(zhì)量傳感器反饋?zhàn)詣?dòng)調(diào)節(jié)閥門。
? 氣動(dòng)蝶閥：氣動(dòng)蝶閥非常適合安全性至關(guān)重要的天然氣加工廠。使用通過氣壓而不是電力操作的閥門可以降低可能導(dǎo)致爆炸的火花風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
? 液壓蝶閥：液壓蝶閥在水力發(fā)電廠中工作良好。該閥門控制通向渦輪機(jī)的壓力管道中的流量。這是一種高壓應(yīng)用，其他類型的執(zhí)行器可能無法產(chǎn)生足夠的力來工作。
? Manual butterfly valve: Manual butterfly valves work well in small-scale water treatment plants. The valve controls the flow of water through different treatment process stages. Operators can use manual operation to adjust the valve and control water flow depending on treatment needs. Ideally, this valve will not be adjusted frequently.
? Electric butterfly valve: Electric butterfly valves work very well in large-scale HVAC systems in commercial buildings. HVAC systems typically require precise airflow control to maintain the optimal indoor environment. The building management system typically operates the electric butterfly valve to provide this control. The system automatically adjusts the valve based on temperature and air quality sensor feedback.
? Pneumatic butterfly valve: Pneumatic butterfly valves work well in gas processing plants where safety is essential. Using a valve that operates via air pressure rather than electricity reduces the risk of sparks which can cause explosions.
? Hydraulic butterfly valve: Hydraulic butterfly valves work well in hydroelectric power plants. The valve controls flow in the penstock leading to the turbine. This is a high-pressure application that other actuator types likely could not produce enough force to work under.
蝶閥符號
Butterfly valve symbols
手動(dòng)蝶閥 Manual butterfly valve |
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電動(dòng)蝶閥 Electric butterfly valve |
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液壓蝶閥 Hydraulic butterfly valve |
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氣動(dòng)蝶閥 Pneumatic butterfly valve |
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常見問題解答
FAQs
如何選擇蝶閥執(zhí)行器？
How do I choose an actuator for a butterfly valve?
根據(jù)可用動(dòng)力源（例如手動(dòng)、電動(dòng)、氣動(dòng)和液壓）和應(yīng)用的設(shè)計(jì)元素選擇蝶閥的執(zhí)行器。
Choose a butterfly valve's actuator based on the available power source (e.g., manual, electric, pneumatic, and hydraulic) and the design elements of the application.
蝶閥的驅(qū)動(dòng)方式有哪些不同類型？
What are the different types of butterfly valve actuation methods?
蝶閥可以手動(dòng)、電動(dòng)、氣動(dòng)或液壓驅(qū)動(dòng)。
A butterfly valve can be actuated manually, electrically, pneumatically, or hydraulically.
